Vehicle transmission control



VEHICLE TRANSMI SS ION CONTROL Filed June 24, 1935 'Patented Sept. 27,

VEHICLE TRANSMISSION ooN'raoL Josef Sousedik, Vsetln, CzechoslovakiaApplication June 24,

1935, Serial No. 28,042

In Czechoslovakia December '2, 1934 8 Claims.

The invention relates to automatic control means for electricaltransmission means in traction machines which makes it possible, on theone hand, by actuation of a single lever, te regulate the carbureter, orother output-regu lating device, of an explosion or internal combustionengine and, on the other hand, to regum late a servo-motorv whichactuates the control and switch apparatus of the electricaltransmission. The servo-motor is regulated at the same time by anautomatic centrifugal governor.

By means of the apparatus according to the invention, in contrast to thehitherto known hand and foot apparatus, a very simple and reliableregulationv is made possible, especially for electrical transmissionmeans in traction machines. which are driven by 'an explosion orcombustion engine and in which the said electrical transmission meanspresents an effective step-by-step or continuous regulation of therevolutions of a traction machine from zero up to maximum.

The regulation, according to the subject matter of the invention, isespecially suited for electrical transmission means which, afterstarting, or after the desired regulation of the revolutions of thetraction machine, upon reaching their maximum velocity are switched outof the drive. This may be eilected by coupling the shaft of theexplosion or combustion engine directly by means of an electro-magneticcoupling with the tractionshaft of the vehicle.

Above all, the new regulation in accordance with the invention increasesthe security of operation since control of the velocity of the motorvehicle is concentrated on the ordinary accelerator foot pedal which isotherwise constructed in normal fashion.

, In the accompanying drawing a constructional example of the inventionis illustrated. A constant current generator G is driven by an explosionor combustion engine EM which generator can be directly coupled by anelectro-magnetic coupling K to the driving motor'M. 'I'he magnets ofboth machines G and M aresupplied from an external source, for example,from an accumulator battery, and their excitation is regulated byshunts, that is, by connecting resistances in parallel with the magnetsof the machines G and M by means o! a regulator R..

For purposes of clearness the centrifugal governor O which is driven,from the combustion engine as well as the accelerator lever P is notshown connected to the combustion engine. The accelerator lever P ispivotally mounted at the point l and is urged upwards in the usualmanner by the spring 5. At one side of the lever P a lever l ispivotally attached at 6 which actuates the valve @i provided in theinduction manifold of a combustion engine EM through a joint 9 and alever ill. The lever 1 is movable in the joint 9 and is urged away fromthe lever I0 by a spring 8.

Further, there is pivotaily attached to the lever P at 6 a lever I2which actuates a bell-crank lever I3 and relatively to which the leverI2 can freely move in a slot I2. At the same time the bellcrank lever I3is pivotally connected with the connecting rod I4 at the point 28 andthe connecting rod is pivotally connected with the lever I5 oi thecentrifugal governor O whose rotation is derived directly from therotation of the explosion or combustion engine EM through the shaft 30.The connecting rod is movable, on change oi engine revolution speed, ina horizontal direction by the operation of the centrifugal governor Othrough the intermediary of lever I5 and a movable sleeve I6, themovement being transferred through the bell-crank I3 to a connecting rodI1 in the servo-motor. The drawing shows diagrammatically an oilservo-motor the pump I9 of which forces the oil through the admissionconduit' 20 either into the left or the right hand part of the cylinder2| according to the position of the plunger I8 and returns the oilthrough the conduit 22. Thereby movement of the piston 23 `is caused,this movement being transferred by means of the connecting rod 2l to thecontact lever 25 of the electrical transmission means regulator R. Inthe position shown in the drawing the Whole regulating arrangement is inthe middle position and the middle position of the contact lever 25 asshown corresponds to the middle velocity of the traction shaft 29 whichis about half the maximum velocity, that is, about hal! the velocity ofthe shaft 30 of the combustion engine.

By depressing the accelerator lever -P from position I into position 2through an angle the valve II fully opens, through the previouslydescribed operation of the -lever 1, the induction passage oi theinternal combustion engine and the valve nally rests on the projection26.,

gni

contact lever 2i of the regulator R up to the maximum rotation of thetraction shaft. In the final position of the regulator R the lever 25 cithe regulator R leaves the sliding Contact A and thereby interrupts theexciting current of the electric coupling K, the field cf which wasconnected during the period of regulation to hold the coupling in itsdisengaged' position. The coupling, after interruption of its excitingcurrent is engaged by spring means whereby the shaft 39 ci thecombustion engine EM is conn nected to the traction shalt 3i and Iii oithe vehicle. At the same time the lever 2l cuts out the excitation ofboth machines G and M which thus become inoperative during the period ofdirect coupling between the combustion en-1 gine EM and the tractionshaft of the vehicle. On return ci' the connecting rod i4 to the right,that is. on decrease 0i' the engine revolutions, there occurs thedesired switching-in of the electrical transmission, the clutch K 'beingdisengaged when its circuit is again closed by lever 25. When the rod i4moves baci: to the right on reduction ci' the speed of the engine, thebell-Granit lever itis first turned round the joint by which it isconnected to the rod Il until it contacts with the projection 2l. Onfurther movement ci the rod I4 to the right, the bell crank il ispressed against, and turns around, the proies tion 2'! so that lt pullsthe rod l? and the plunger i3 of the servo motor to the right. the motormoves the lever 25 from the martinica.'fh` position and the electricaltransmission means again comes into operation as above described.

35 Merely by adjusting the accelerator lever P there occurs thereforethrough the described operation of the centrifugal governor @il e,predetermined engine revolution speed n direct connection cil the engineshaft 3u 'traction chait tu iii? the determined cr necessary capacityexplosion or ccn'ibusticn en i' the torque, the electrical tr a greatertorque on the vehicle further dem:` r the lever P .n the il into the sotion through angle iliuring the sa i r depressing lever l iront position2 i n t the valve ii in the induction tube lern prciec-vm tion 'iti andtherefore 'tl cui-ined through the joint 8 and spring il pressed; thelatter, on release ci th moving lever 'i' in the reverse t arrangementis necessary view o movement of the lever un iurther :enf i; the leveri? from position ii to position 3 whereby' 'the bellcranla lever itabout the .teint lii in auch manner that the plimger i8 is moved towardsthe right and thereby opens the right hand inlet of the cylinder ilthrough which oil is now iorced from the servommctor so that the piston2i is moved tcwerdc the left, that is, auch that the contact lever 2E;regulator It gratin@ ally switches the electrical transmission clown thesmallest revolution speed ci the traction m :described operation of thecentrifugal governor lli which now contracts into the starting positionand to the greatest or any desired adjusted ratio of the electricaltransmission, that is, the truc-B tion shaft makes correspondingly smallnumber n ci revolutions. By a new partial depressing of Thereupon the`the lever P there occurs ilrst of all a. gradual cutting out 'of theelectrical transmission again through the operation oi the governor Oand the lever 25 as previously described which opens on increasingengine revolution speed and, when the induction tube is fully opened byfurther depressing the lever P into the position 2, the electricaltransmission is completely cut out as previously described and finallythe explosion or combustion engine is rigidly connected with thetraction shaft 'of `the vehicle by means of the electric coupling whichis actuated at the same time by means of the lever 25 of the regulatorR.

In the above described manner the subject matter of the invention meetsall the requirements of a very simple automatic regulation and it shouldbe noted that also by means of this regulation, mechanical transmissionmeans in traction machines can be regulated either in step-bystepfashion or continuously, and that the regulation itself in all cases canbe effected either by an electrical or mechanical interconnection of itsindividual main parts, that is, the servo-motor S, centrifugal governorR. and the accelerator lever P.

What I claim is:-

1. In a traction vehicle including an internal combustion drivingengine, a throttle valve, an operating member therefor, an infinitelyvariable electric power transmitter, a speed ratio resistance controllerand an electromagnetic coupling tor giving a mechanical straight throughdrive when said transmitter is cut out; automatic reguiating meanscomprising a servo-motor including a control valve for operating saidcontroller, a

centrifugal governor driven from the engine and connection between saidgovernor and the control valve whereby the controller is automaticallyadjusted in accordance with the engine speed.

2. iin a traction vehicle including an internal combustion drivingengine, a throttle valve, an operating member therefor, an iniinitelyvariable electric power transmitter, a speed ratio resistance controllerand an electromagnetic coupling for giving a mechanical straight throughdrive when said transmitter is cut out; automatic regulatlng meanscomprising a .servo-motor including a control valve for operating saidcontroller, a centrifugal governor driven from the engine, a connectionbetween said governor and control valve, a further connection betweensaid valve and the said throttle operating member, and a lost motionconnection between the said member and the throttle valve.

3. 'In a traction vehicle including an internal combustion drivingengine, a throttle valve, an 0 accelerator lever for operating saidvalve, an infinitely variable electric power transmitter, a speed ratioresistance controller and an .electromagnetic coupling for giving amechanical straight through drive when said transmitter is cut out;automatic regulating means comprising a servo-motor for operating saidcontroller including a piston and a control valve, a centrifugalgovernor driven by the engine shaft, a double lever having a connectionat one end to the control valve, a lost motion connection at the otherto the accelerator lever and an intermediate connection to saidGovernor.

4. In a traction vehicle including an internal combustion drivingengine, a throttle valve, an accelerator lever for operating said valve,an in finitely variable electric power transmitter, a speed ratioresistance controller and an electromagnetic coupling !or giving amechanical a servo-motor for operating said controller including apiston and a control valve, a centrifugal governor driven by the engineshaft, a double lever having a connection at one endto the controlvalve, a lost motion connection at the other to the accelerator leverand an intermediate connection to said governor, and a lost motionconnection between said accelerator lever and the throttle valve.

5. In a traction vehicle including an internal combustion drivingengine, a throttle valve, an accelerator lever for operating said valve,an inilnltely variable electric power transmitter, a speed ratioresistance controller and an electromagnetic coupling for giving amechanical straight through drive when said transmitter is cut out;automatic regulating means comprising a servo-motor` for operating saidcontroller including a piston and a control valve, a centrifugalgovernor driven by theengine shaft, a double lever having a connectionat one end to the control valve, a lost motion connection at the otherto the accelerator lever and an intermen diate connection to saidgovernor, an abutment against which the throttle valve abuts in thefullopen position and a spring lost motion connection between said valveand the accelerator lever.

6. In a traction vehicle including an internal combustion drivingengine, a throttle valve, an accelerator lever lfor operating saidvalve, an iniinitely variable electric power transmitter, a speed ratioresistance controller and an electron magnetic coupling for giving amechanical straight, through drive when said transmitter is cut out;automatic regulating means comprising an oil servo-motor 'for operatingsaid controller including a piston and an `oil control valve, a.

centrifugal device driven by the engine shaft, a bell crank lever havinga pivotal connection at one end to the control valve rod, a slotted lost`motion connection at the other end to a link connected to theaccelerator lever and an intermediate plvotal connection to thecentrifugal governor, a nxed abutment against which the arm oi' thedouble lever connected to the acceerator lever abuts when the enginespeed falls, an abutment against which the throttle valve abuts in thefull open position, and a connecting link including a lost motion springbetween said accelerator lever and the throttle to allow furtheroperation of said lever even when the throttle is fully open.

7. In a traction vehicle including an internal combustion engine, athrottle valve, control means therefor, a driven shaft and an electricaltransmission and a mechanical clutch between said engine and said shaft,said transmission including two dynamo electric machines and a eldregulator by operation of which the whole load is mainly transmittedby'one machine at the beginning of the starting operation and withincreasing velocity the load is step-by-step switched by the regulatoron to both machines until, when the starting operation is complete, theelectric transmission is switched out and the engine is directly coupledwith the engine shaft by said clutch; means for automaticallycontrolling the regulator in accordance with the engine speed and theposition of the throttle valve comprising a servo-motor with itsplstonconnected to the regulator and its slide valve rod connected toone arm of a lever, a lost motion connection between the other arm ofthe lever and the control means, a centrifugal governor driven by theengine and a connection between same and the inlcrum of said lever.

8. In a traction vehicle as claimed in claim 7, a lost motion connectionbetween the throttle valve and its control means whereby the latter canbe moved beyond the position corresponding to full opening of thethrottle valve, said further movement causing movement of theservo-motor valve and causing the motor to move the regulator from thefull speed position and so switch` in the electrical transmission andcut out the mechanical clutch.

JOSEF SOUSEDH. 5

